The meetings are run by consensus, meaning any one country can block an agreement. It was a condition that Saudi Arabia enforced by not allowing voting rules to be agreed at the start of the COP process in 1995. As a result, whatever the nearly 200 countries gathered at COP28 in Dubai this month decide to do to tackle global warming will reflect only the minimum steps that all nations are willing to take.
Source: Al Gore Wants to Weaken Petrostates’ Power Over Global Climate Decisions


